Research and application of model fruit fly in prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders by traditional Chinese medicine and natural compounds: a review / 中国中药杂志

As an important model animal, fruit fly is characterized by outstanding genetic characteristics, relatively perfect nervous system, rapid reproduction, and low cost. Thus, it has been applied in the research on neuropsychiatric disorders in recent years, showing great potential in life science. The incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders has been on the rise, and the disorders have high disability rate and low case fatality rate. The global drug demand for such diseases is second only to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At the moment, the demand of the drugs for the diseases have been rising, and it is an urgent task to develop related drugs. However, the research and development of the drugs are time-intensive and have a high failure rate. A suitable animal model can help shorten the time for drug screening and development, thereby reducing the cost and failure rate. This study reviews the application of fruit flies in several common neuropsychiatric disorders, which is expected to provide new ideas for the research and application of the model animals in traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis on the status quo of the awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the status quo of the knowledge and related factors of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021. Methods: From August to November 2021, through network sampling method, 17 474 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Liaoning Province were surveyed. The WeChat public account was used to collect information such as demographic characteristics and core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among different groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors. Results: Among the 17 474 subjects, 43.1% (7 528) were male and 58.7% (10 262) were urban residents. The overall awareness rate was 72.3%, and the awareness rate of cancer cognition, prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management and rehabilitation were 71.4%, 67.6%, 72.7%, 83.4% and 63.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the residents who were man (OR: 0.850, 95%CI: 0.781-0.925), in rural areas (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.694-0.817), 55-59 years old (OR: 0.851, 95%CI: 0.751-0.963), quitters (OR: 0.721, 95%CI: 0.640-0.813) and smoker (OR: 0.724, 95%CI: 0.654-0.801) had lower awareness rates, while the residents who were 35-54 years old (OR: 1.312, 95%CI: 1.202-1.432), with an educational level of junior high school/senior high school/college degree or above (OR: 1.834-5.130, 95%CI: 1.575-6.047), technical personnel (OR: 1.592, 95%CI: 1.367-1.854), civil servant/institution staff (OR: 1.282, 95%CI: 1.094-1.503), enterprise/business/service staff (OR: 1.218, 95%CI: 1.071-1.385), retired (OR: 1.324, 95%CI: 1.114-1.573) and with family history of cancer (OR: 1.369, 95%CI: 1.266-1.481) had higher awareness rates. Conclusion: The level of the awareness of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province has met the requirements of the Healthy China Action. Region, gender, education level, age, family history of cancer and smoking are relevant factors.

Evaluation of chemosensory function in patients with upper respiratory tract post-viral olfactory dysfunction / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To observe the changes of olfactory function, intranasal trigeminal nerve function and taste function in patients with upper respiratory tract post-viral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD), and to explore the correlation of chemosensory function. Methods: The clinical data of 42 patients with PVOD who visited to the Olfactory and Taste Center of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December of 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, including 20 males and 22 females, aging (48.86±11.47) years (x¯). Twenty subjects in normal control group were selected according to the sex ratio of PVOD patients. Sniffin' Sticks olfactory tests were performed on the subjects, including threshold test (T), discrimination test (D) and identification test (I), and the sum of the above three test scores was the TDI value. At the same time, olfactory event-related potentials (oERPs), trigeminal event-related potentials (tERPs) and taste function test were performed. According to the taste function test, the patients were divided into normal gustation (NG) group and gustatory dysfunction (GD) group. The results of olfaction, taste and intranasal trigeminal nerve function tests were compared among different groups, and the correlation analysis was carried out. SPSS statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results: GD was present in 14 (33.3%) of 42 PVOD patients with a course of PVOD of 5 (3, 6) months (M (Q1, Q3)). The gustatory function of patients with PVOD was related to gender (r=0.565, P<0.001), smoking status (r=-0.512, P=0.001), duration (r=-0.357, P=0.020) and olfactory function (all P<0.05). The olfactory function of GD group was worse than that of NG group, and the differences of TDI value and T value between the two groups were statistically significant (10.25±4.58 vs 13.35±3.61, 1.54±0.66 vs 2.10±0.88, t value was 2.40 and 2.10 respectively, both P<0.05). The amplitudes of oERPs and tERPs were significantly lower in GD group than those in NG group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with PVOD, the subjective and objective olfactory function, intranasal trigeminal nerve function and taste function were decreased, and there was a correlation, suggesting that there was a synergistic effect between the chemosensory functions of PVOD patients.

Clinical effect of liver transplantation from elderly donors / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of liver transplantation from organ donors in elderly patients.Methods:The clinical data of 346 patients who underwent liver transplantation in the general surgery center of Beijing You′an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. After screening, they were divided into the elderly donor group (30 cases) aged 60-70 years and the non elderly donor group (60 cases) aged < 60 years. The observation indexes were operation time, anhepatic phase time and operation bleeding. The prognosis indexes were: postoperative ICU stay, length of hospital stay, primary graft nonfunction (PNF), delayed graft function recovery (DGF) and in-hospital mortality. The measurement data in accordance with normal distribution are expressed as ( Mean± SD). The comparison between the two groups was analyzed by t-test. The measurement data that did not conform to the normal distribution were expressed as median (range). Mann Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups. The counting data were collected by the computer χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test analysis. Results:The operation time, anhepatic period and blood loss in the elderly group were (444.33±72.44) min, 56.0 (30-170) min, 1 992.1(400-9 000) mL, respectively and the non elderly group were (460.88±91.32) min, 58.45 (35-140) min, 1 885.8(400-12 000) mL, respectively, there were no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05); Among the prognostic indicators, the length of stay in ICU, the length of stay in hospital and the in-hospital mortality of the elderly group were 4.9 (2-21) d, 20.4 (3-40) d and 10% respectively, while the length of stay in ICU, the length of stay in hospital and the in-hospital mortality of the non elderly group were 5.3(1-32) d, 22.1(3-61) d and 10% respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05); No PNF occurred in the two groups, but the incidence rate of DGF in the elderly group was 13.33%(4/30), and the non elderly group was 1.67%(1/60). There was a significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Under strict preoperative donor evaluation and accurate recipient selection, 60-70 years old donors can achieve similar short-term effect as non elderly donors, but the long-term effect needs further observation.

Preventions and perioperative managements of organ donation and liver transplantation during the pandemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the anti-epidemic preventions and perioperative management strategies of organ donation and liver transplantation during the pandemic period of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and summarize the experiences.Methods:On the basis of guidance of National Health Commission and Organ Transplantation Committee of Chinese Medical Association, anti-epidemic preventions and perioperative management strategies of organ donation and liver transplantation were adjusted under the background of NCP pandemic and the anti-epidemic preventions and treatment outcomes were evaluated. Eight organ donations and 7 liver transplantations were performed from February 4 to March 7, 2020. NCP infection screening results were negative in all pre-donation and pre-transplantation cases.Results:All donation operations and liver transplantations were successfully performed without postoperative complications. No NCP occurred during hospitalization period. Postoperative pulmonary infection occurred in 1 case (1/7) and the following novel coronavirus screening result was negative. Pulmonary inflammation became partially absorbed after antibacterial therapy.Conclusions:Through strict and effective anti-epidemic preventions and perioperative managements, organ donation and transplantation could be successfully performed during the pandemic period of NCP.

Roles of Microglial Membrane Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation are important pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglial membrane receptors, such as triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, Toll-like receptors, complement system and scavenger receptor, play a key role that mediate neuroinflammatory responses, promote Aβ clearance and signal transduction.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Brain Function of APP/PS1 Mice: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) on brain function of APP/PS1 mice. Methods:Sixteen 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice in the same litter were randomly divided into model group (n = 8) and electroacupuncture group (n = 8). Eight transgenic negative mice in the same litter were as control group. The electroacupuncture group accepted electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting for 16 weeks. They were assessed with Object Recognition Test before and after intervention, and observed under small animal functional magnetic resonance imaging with regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the discrimination ratio decreased in the model group after intervention (P < 0.05), while it increased in the electroacupuncture group compared with that in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, ReHo of right basal forebrain and left hippocampus decreased in the model group before intervention. Compared with the control group, ReHo decreased in bilateral hippocampus group and increased in retrosplenial cortex in the model group after intervention; while it increased in bilateral hippocampus and motor cortex and decreased in anterior cingulate gyrus in the electroacupuncture group compared with that in the model group. Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting may delay the decline of learning and memory ability in Alzheimer's disease model mice, which may relate to the regulation of functional activities in hippocampus.

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents from Cinnamomi Ramulus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The research group found in the early stage that the 75%alcohol extract of the Cinnamomi Ramulus had a significant physiological activity in inhibiting necroptosis by screening out the self-built sample library of 100 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines in Jiangxi. To identify the active components and find the target compounds,the 75%alcohol extracts of Cinnamomi Ramulus were isolated and studied systemically in chemistry. Method:The 20 kg dry Cinnamomi Ramulus was crushed into coarse powder,and extracted with 75%alcohol for four times, one time every 7 d. Then total extracts were obtained after solvent was recycled under decompression. The extract was separated by D101 macroporous resin column chromatography and eluted by water,30%ethanol,50%ethanol,70%ethanol,90%ethanol,so as to get the corresponding fraction finally. The compounds in the 30%ethanol and 50%ethanol fraction were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 column and high pressure preparative chromatography,and their structures were determined according to physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. Result and Conclusion:Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as (+)-syringaresinol (1),(+)-lyoniresinol (2),spicatolignan B (3),(-)-secoisolariciresinol (4),ovafolinin B (5),protocatechualdehyde (6),protocatechuic acid (7),syringaldehyde (8),vanillic acid (9),ethyl protocatechuate (10),syringic acid (11),ethyl gallate (12),2-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3-pepper ring-5-aldehyde (13). Compounds 1-5,10-13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Clinical Observation of Addition and Subtraction Therapy and External Washing Treatment of Danggui Niantongtang to Knee Osteoarthritis with Heumatism Heat Bi Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the short-term clinical efficacy of addition and subtraction therapy and external washing treatment of Danggui Niantongtang to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with heumatism heat Bi syndrome and to investigate its effect on disease activity. Method:One hundred and eighteen patients with KOA were randomly divided into control group (58 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got celecoxib capsules, 0.2 g/time, 1 time/day, diclofenac diethylamine emulgel for the pain, 3 times/days. Patients in observation group got addition and subtraction therapy and external washing treatment of Danggui Niantongtang. The course of treatment was 2 weeks in both groups. Before treatment and at the 2th, 4th, 6th and 14th weeks after treatment, scores of visual analog scale (VAS) were graded for pain in walking and tranquillization. Function of knee joint was evaluated by western Ontario and McMaster university osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) both before and after treatment. Scores of heumatism heat Bi syndrome and Japanese Orthopaedic Associate (JOA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) levels were evaluated. Result:At the 6th and 14th weeks after treatment, scores of VAS in observation group were lower than those in control group during walking and tranquillization time. Scores of three dimensions in WOMAC (pain, stiffness, joint function) and the total score of WOMAC in observation group were all lower than those in control group (PPβ, IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-3 were lower than those in control group, and level of SOD was higher than that in control group (PConclusion:Addition and subtraction therapy and external washing treatment of Danggui Niantongtang can relieve the pain and degree of disease caused by KOA with heumatism heat Bi syndrome, swelling and dysfunction, and can control acute inflammation index, reduce disease activity.

Clinical Observation of Addition and Subtraction Therapy of Shentong Zhuyutang to Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) with Stagnation of Blood Stasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the short and long term effect of addition and subtraction therapy of Shentong Zhuyutang to myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) with stagnation of blood stasis and to investigate its mechanism of action.Method: One hundred and forty-eight eligible patients were randomly divided into control group (73 cases) and observation group (75 cases) by random number table.Patients in both groups got electroacupuncture treatment.Patients in control group additionally got Yaotong capsules,4 grains/time,3 times/day.Patients in observation group additionally got addition and subtraction therapy of Shentong Zhuyutang,1 dose/day.The treatment was continued for 6 weeks in both groups,and 16 weeks follow-up was recorded.Before treatment,and at the 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th week after treatment,scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) was graded.Before and after treatment,scores of JOA,Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RDQ),body damage index assessment scale (PⅡ scale),stagnation of blood stasis,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were graded.Levels of thromboxane 2(TXB2),6-ketone-prostaglandin F1α(6-keto-PGF1α) were detected,and TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α was calculated;in addition,the recurrence was recorded and followed up.Result: By rank sum test,the clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=1.969,Pst,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th week in both groups after treatment (Fcontrol=5.801,Fobservation=6.649,Pt-test indicated that scores of VAS in observation group were lower than those in control group at 2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th week (PP2,and T/K in observation group were lower than those in control group (P1α was higher than that in control group (Pχ2=4.745,PConclusion: Based on acupuncture treatment,addition and subtraction therapy of Shentong Zhuyutang can relieve the pain caused by myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) with stagnation of blood stasis,recover lumbar activity function,reduce rate of recurrence,and ameliorate blood circulation,with anti-inflammatory and analgesia effects.

Clinical Observation of Jiawei Bushen Huoxuetang Combined with Fumigation of Traditional Chinese Medicine After Operation of Vertebral Compression Fracture / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of Jiawei Bushen Huoxuetang on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), bone density and bone metabolism. Method: One hundred and sixteen patients with OVCF operation were randomly divided into control group (58 cases) and observation group (58 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got Alendronate sodium tablets, 70 mg/time, 1 time/week. Menatetrenone soft capsules, 15 mg/time, 3 times/days after meals. Calcium carbonate D3 chewable tablets (Ⅱ), 1 tablet/time, 2 times/days. Based on the treatment in control group, patients in observation group received additional Jiawei Bushen Huoxue decoction, 1 dose/day. The course of treatment was 24 weeks in both groups. The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) fumigation was used in combination with the TCM for 2 weeks. At the 4th, 8th, 12th and 24th weeks after treatment, pain degree of waist and back were evaluated by pain visual analogue scale (VAS), and waist dysfunction was evaluated by Oswestry disability index (ODI). Before and after treatment, anterior vertebral height (AVBH), Cobb, femoral neck, lumbar spine bone mineral density and Chinese osteoporosis quality of life scale were evaluated. Before and after treatment, levels of carboxy terminal propeptide of type I collagen (CICP), C-terminal cross-linking peptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and bone glaprotein(BGP) were detected. Result:By rank sum test, the clinical efficacy in observation was better than that in control group (Z=2.026, Pth, 8th, 12th and 24th weeks after treatment, scores of lumbago and back pain VAS and ODI were lower than those in control group (PPPPPConclusion:Jiawei Bushen Huoxuetang can enhance bone mineral density, regulate bone metabolism, reduce back pain, promote healing of fracture, and ameliorate osteoporosis, with obvious clinical efficacy.

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Learning-memory and Expression of β-site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 in APP/PS1 Mice / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (GV24) on Alzheimer's disease, and possible mechanism for it.Methods A total of 24 eight-month-old APP/PS1 male mice were randomly divided into model group (n = 8), electroacupuncture group (n = 8) and non-acupoint group (n = 8), and other eight wild-type mice were as wild-type group.The electroacupuncture group accepted electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting, while the non-acupoint group accepted electroacupuncture at bilateral subcostal non-acupoint area, and the wild-type group and the model group accepted the same grasping and fixing, for 28 days. Then they assessed with Morris water maze test. The levels of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) in cerebral cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence respectively, and the level of BACE1 m RNA with RT-PCR.Results Compared with the model group, the escape latency decreased in the electroacupuncture group (P ＜ 0.001), and the times crossing platforms increased (P ＜ 0.001), while the expression of BACE1 and Aβ decreased (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Electroacupuncture may improve the learning-memory ability by inhibiting the expression of BACE1 in the cerebral cortex of APP/PS1 mice to decreasing the level of Aβ.

Effects of acupuncture in treating insomnia due to spleen-stomach disharmony syndrome and its influence on intestinal microbiome: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Insomnia is a common complaint that is closely related to gastrointestinal symptoms, which is consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine classical theory of "stomach disharmony leading to restless sleep." Acupuncture is an effective complementary and alternative medicine therapy to improve gastrointestinal function and restore the normal sleep-wake cycle. However, studies on the effectiveness of acupuncture for insomnia due to spleen-stomach disharmony syndrome are limited to case reports and few randomized controlled trials; deeper research on its mechanism is still lacking. This randomized controlled trial aims to assess the treatment efficacy of "harmonizing stomach to tranquilize mind" acupuncture for insomnia and its influence on the intestinal microbiome.@*METHODS/DESIGN@#This is a randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study. Sixty eligible patients with insomnia due to spleen-stomach disharmony syndrome will be randomly divided into two groups (1:1 allocation ratio). The intervention group will use "harmonizing stomach to tranquilize mind" acupuncture, and the control group will receive sham acupuncture. Participants will receive 5 acupuncture treatment sessions per week for 4 consecutive weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index will be used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment by making assessments at baseline, the end of treatment and the end of the follow-up. High-throughput 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing will be performed to detect changes in the intestinal microbial composition before and after treatment.@*DISCUSSION@#The results of this trial are expected to confirm that "harmonizing stomach to tranquilize mind" acupuncture can effectively relieve insomnia and alter the intestinal microbiome.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#Chinese Clinical Trials Registry: ChiCTR1800017092.

Mental health and its related factors in patients with cardiac rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass grafting / 中华全科医师杂志

The mental health status of 237 patients with coronary heart disease who participated in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after coronary artery bypass grafting and 148 non-participating patients(control group) in three hospitals was evaluated,and the related factors for mental health of patients with CR were analyzed.The results showed that the anxiety,depression,and quality of life scores of patients after 2 months of participation in CR were significantly lower than those before CR (P＜0.05),and the incidence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was significantly lower than that in control group (18.5％ vs.31.1％ and 14.8 vs.25.0％,respectively,P＜0.05).The risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms was higher in CR participants with lower monthly income [OR=0.335(0.150-0.751),P=0.008],unemployment [OR=0.427(0.244-0.749),P=0.003] and knowing their own disease [OR=3.243(1.427-7.371),P=0.005].This study shows that CR can effectively improve the state of depression and anxiety and improve the quality of life.The implementation of CR shoμld fully consider a variety of influencing factors and develop a targeted rehabilitation program.

Effects of Warming Acupuncture Therapy on Expressions of IL-6 and SOCS3 in Spinal Cord in Rats with Neuropathic Pain / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe effects of warming acupuncture therapy on expressions of IL-6 and SOCS3 in spinal cord in rats with neuropathic pain; To discuss its mechanism for treating neuropathic pain. Methods Experimental rats were randomly divided into: normal group, model group, warming acupuncture and IL-6 group, with 6 rats in each group. Sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury neuralgia model was established in the model group, without intervention. After modeling for 5 days in the warming acupuncture group, "Pishu" and "Shenshu" acupoints were chosen for warming acupuncture therapy for 10 times. After modeling for 5 days in the IL-6 group, IL-6 group was successfully intrathecally injected 3 times with recombinant IL-6. After finishing all experiments, the mechanical pain behavior was measured with electronic Frye fibers. The mRNA levels of IL-6 and SOCS3 and protein concentration of spinal Iba-1were detected with ELISA and RT-PCR analysis. Results Compared with model group, mechanical withdrawal thresholdsin the warm acupuncture group significantly increased, and the content of Iba-1 decreased significantly (P<0.01); The mRNA level of IL-6 decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the mRNA level of SOCS3 significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion Warming acupuncture therapy can reduce the pain response in rats with neuropathic pain through inhibiting spinal cord microglial activation, down-regulating the gene expression of lL-6 and up-regulating the gene expression of SOCS3.

Establishment of orthotopic implantation model of human U87-MG brain glioma cell line in nude mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish human U87-MG glioma model in nude mice brain and to observe the characteristics of the tumor growth. Methods Human U87-MG glioma cells were cultured in vitro. 5 μL of cell suspension containing 3.0 ×1010·L-1, 4.0×1010·L-1and 5.0×1010·L-1respectively was inocula-ted into the right caudate nucleus of 18 male nude mice brain un-der the guidance of stereotaxic apparatus, separately, whereas another 6 nude mice as the control group, were inoculated into the same volume of Hanks solution. The moving and survival state of rats with gliomas were observed. The examinations of the tumors formation, volumes, metastasis and histopathology were performed and the obtained brain samples were stained with HE and immunohistochemistry. Results All the tested rats of dif-ferent inoculation doses developed brain tumors without extracra-nial metastasis. The mean survival time of three groups was (46.50 ± 3.27) d,(38.50 ± 3.28) d and (30.67 ± 3.51) d,respectively. The tumors showed the similar morphological fea-tures and immunophenotype to human glioma. There was positive expression of GFAP and S-100 in the tumors. Conclusions The orthotopic implantation model of human U87-MG glioma, by in-oculating quantitative U87-MG cells stereotaxically into the brains of the nude mice, is successfully established with 100 yield of intracranial tumor and no extracranial growth extension. It resembles the histopathological and morphological features of human glioma,which can be used as a reliable animal model for the study of the tumorigenesis, pathogenesis, biological charac-teristics and therapy of glioma.

Stakeholder analysis of no-fault compensation system on medical damages / 中国卫生政策研究

Using stakeholder involvement analysis to analyze the appeal,position,power and role of stakehold-ers involved in the creation of the no-fault compensation system of medical damage,this paper believes that the gov-ernment,including the health administrative department, is the concrete maker and the important facilitator of the policy implementation,which needs to take advantage of the public power to predominate the creation and trial opera-tion of the system;the medical staffs,patients and their families are the direct beneficiary of the policy,but it is nec-essary to ensure the good operation of the system by establishing diversified financing channels and setting reasonable compensation scope. The judicial appraisal institution and the expert group are the important guarantors of the policy implementation,but the authentication system should be unified and the expert group evaluation mechanism should be introduced. The insurance industry is an important propellant of policy implementation, but it needs to increase its participation by taking measures,such as expanding financing channels. The news media has an important influence on the making and implementation of the policy and should be properly guided to play its positive role.

Preliminary study of DTI on cerebral white matter micro-structure of patients with idiopathic olfactory loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the cerebral white matter micro-structure in patients with idiopathic olfactory loss using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).@*METHODS@#Sixteen patients with idiopathic olfactory loss and sixteen normal subjects matched by age and sex were recruited in this study. Sniffin'Stick olfactory test was performed to evaluate the olfactory function of all subjects. We acquired diffusion tensor images with an echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence from all subject on a 3T scanner. The fractional anisotropy (FA) images were performed using DTI-studio, and bilateral Piriform cortex, Orbitofrontal cortex, Hippocampus and Insula cortex adjacent white matter and Capsula interna were delineated as the region of interesting (ROI), the FA for each ROI was calculated. Independent sample t test analysis was used to compare the FA value of all ROIs between the controls and patients. In addition, correlation analysis between FA value and MMSE score in patients were conducted.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the controls, patients showed significantly decreased FA value in the adjacent white matter of bilateral Piriform cortex, Orbitofrontal cortex, Hippocampus and Insula cortex (0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The patients with idiopathic olfactory loss show the damage of white matter micro-structure in the olfactory center, which could be important for the pathogenesis study and early intervention of idiopathic olfactory loss.

Nutrition support in neonates with congenital heart disease during the perioperative period / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:To investigate the impact of hospital-based nutritional practices on weight gain in neonates during the immediate postoperative period.Methods:It is a retrospective study of 45 neonates who underwent modified systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt in Huai'an First People's Hospital.We reviewed the weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ score) at the time points of the date of surgery,transfer from cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) to general ward,and day of hospital discharge.Caloric intake (calories/kg/day) and total fluid intake (ml/kg/day) at different time points were measured too.We also reviewed the initiation time of enteral feeding and CICU stay (days) postoperatively.Results:An overall median WAZ score decrease of-1.3 (IQR-1.7 to-0.7) from time of shunt palliation to hospital discharge.A length of stay of ＞5 days in the CICU,initiation of enteral feeding beyond the postoperative days (POD) 5 and the severity of diseases were significantly associated with a great mean difference in WAZ score(P ＜ 0.001,P ＜ 0.001,P =0.003).Conclusion:The nutrition support in immediate postoperative period is substantially lower than what is needed;initiation time of enteral feeding,a length of stay ＞ 5 days in the CICU and the severity of diseases were independent predictors of a greater change in WAZ score.

Clinical Observation of Xuebijing Injection in the Treatment of Acute Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarc-tion / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Xuebijing injection on inflammatory factors,oxidation stress level and thrombosis risk in patients with acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI). METHODS:A total of 130 NSTEMI pa-tients selected from our hospital during May 2015-Aug. 2016 were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 65 cases in each group. Control group was given routine treatment as lowering blood pressure,lower-ing lipid,anticoagulation and antiplatelet. Observation group was additionally given Xuebijing injection 50 mL,ivgtt,q12 h,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for a week. The levels of inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α ,IL-6,IL-10, hs-CRP),SOD,MDA,MMP-9,platelet aggregation rate and fibrinogen were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment. The treatment course,the occurrence of MACE and bleeding event were also recorded. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the levels of inflammatory factors,SOD,MDA,MMP-9,platelet aggregation rate or fibrinogen between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP,platelet aggregation rate or fibrinogen in 2 groups were decreased significantly,while the level of IL-10 was increased significantly;the improvement of above indexes in observation group was significantly better than control group. The levels of SOD and MMP-9 in 2 groups were increased significantly,while the level of MDA was decreased significantly. The level of SOD in observation group was significantly higher than control group, while the level of MDA was significantly lower than control group,but the level of MMP-9 was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Xuebijing injection shows signifi-cant therapeutic efficacy for NSTEMI,effectively inhibits inflammation,and oxidative stress and reduces the risk of thrombosis with good safety.